Improvement in locks



lthe bolt, slotted for that purpose.

UNITED STATES WALTER K. MARVIN,

*PATENT GEFicE.

or NEW YoEK, N. Y.

' lMPnovEMENT IN LocKs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent Nol 47,84 2, dated May 23, 1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that LNV/inne K. MARVIN, of New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Permutation-Locks; and hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,. and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is an elevation of part of alock constructed in accordance with this invention, and exhibiting the interior thereof, the wheels being removed. Fig. 2,is a similar view of the same, the wheels being shown setin position when the bolt is withdrawn. Figs. Sand 4 are elevations of wheels, with one of the outer wheels removed to exhibit themode i `of adjustingthe inner wheel or disk in relation to the outer wheel. Fig. 5 represents a side view of the wheels, knob, anddial, the lock-casc being out by a vertical plane; and. Fig. 6 is a section double the scale through the wheel, Fig. 4. i

This invention relates toa method of preventing the indentations or gates in the wheels from being ascertained by feeling-that is, by the variations in the resistance offered to the stump by the wheels according to their `various positions in relation to the. stump; also, to a method of adjusting the .inner wheel relatively to the outer wheel, whereby greater nicety of adjustment and more perfect security, together with cheapness and simplicity of construction, are attained.

In the following description I shall first confine myself to that part of my improvement which relates to the method of worlring'or` actuating the bolt by means of the follower and a system of levers, so that the true position of the notches cannot be detected.

And referring to Fig. l, A is the lock-case, B the bolt, and C the movable stump. The latter is secured or made in one piece, with a curved lever, D, pivoted at a to the lockcase, which pivot,'together with the stud b,both being stationary in the loclr-case, serve as guides to With the other end of this lever is rigidlyV connected a check-plate, e, whose lower end is shaped simi- .larly to the iixed stump C and in conformity with the indentations d in the bolt-plate B'. To this check-plate is pivoted' at the upper end a camlcver], of such firm and construction as to close byits own weight against the boltplate when the bolt is shut out. By this arrangement a flexible connection is established between the followers G and H (actuating, respectively, the bolt-plate and the cam-lever) and the movable stump. The form of the cam-lever F is such as that it center of gravityis on the side .of the spindle which is'opposite to the follower H, so that, onmoving the spindle from the right to the 'left for the purpose of withdrawing theY bolt,

the follower H will bear on the cam-lever at or near its connection with the check-plate, raise both the check-plate and the end of the curved stump-lever by the tendency ofthe weighted end of .the cam-lever to remain in place.4 This action is calculated to take place until thecheckplate is raised out of the path of the bolt-plate, which coincides 4 with the follower G, coming in` contact with the right face of the notch in the bolt-plate. It will be seen that on further rotation being imparted to the spindle the bolt will be pushed back simultaneously with the cam-lever being lifted out of the way of thebolt.

Such is `the constructionv and operation of the system of leverage disconnected from the tumblers and other safety devices of the lock, and is illustrated in the drawings by indicating thev extreme positions of the movable parts, respectively, in red and black lines.

Then the following will take place: The

spindle being turned from right to left, the

follower H will raise the curved lever and `stump until the latter comes in contact with the wheels or either of them. InsteadT of being stopped, (and it is 'then that the operator is enabled of measuring the resistance,') the Y spindle will continue to move, the follower H lifting the cam-lever until the other follower -comes in contact with the right side ,of thev notch in the bolt and is about to move the bolt; but this is prevented by the checkplate, whose lower projection engages the indentation d of "the bolt-plate. At this moment all the-parts become perfectly rigid and no further movement is possible. From this it will be understood that the burglar is completely bafiied in his attempts at determining the position ofthe notches in the wheels.

The wheels to which the second part of my invention relates are denoted in the drawings by theletter W. They are composed, like tho se heretofore constructed, of three partsto wit, the inner wheel or disk, f, a-nd two hanged rims, g, constituting the outer wheel. The inner wheel is arranged to be set in any fixed position in relation to the outer Wheel in the manner as follows: At a convenient place in the outer wheel there is an eccentric, io be operated` from lwithout the lock-case by means of a `suitable instrument-a brakebr other suitable friction device within the outer wheel.

is ari anged to exert/more or less/pressure upon the periphery of the inner Wheel or disk, according to' the position of the.- eccentric. By this means a binding force may be applied by simply turning the eccentric, which firmly unites the inner disk withi the outer wheel. On the other hand, by turning the eccentric in the contrary direction pressure on the inner wheel is released, enabling its being set in any other position lrelatively to the outer Wheel. It will be understood that this mode of adjusting the two wheels affords an infinite variety of combinations, while in *efficiencyA and simplicity of construction and facility of operation it excels all those heretofore known.

or used. I I

Figs. 2, 4, 5, and 6 represent several views of revolvingtumblers or wheels constructed in accordance; with this my invention. In said'iig'ures, minis the eccentric, held in the outer wheel,g, by means of axles or gudgeons at each side thereof. yBetween this eccentric and the periphery of .the inner disk, and extending over said periphery in proportion to the amount ot' t'riction requisite, is a brake n, consisting ot' twobraces of metal curved in canformity with the periphery of the wheels, and having interposed a strip of vulcanized Vlittle force.

india-rubber. I prefer to make the 'upper brace thicker than the under brace, so that` the pressure of the eccentric may be y'transmitted by a yielding and flexible substance. Fig. 3 shows this Inode of adjusting and securing the wheels, in a modified form. In said gure the ecentricm is caused to press upon thc two leverbrakes r by means ot' an intermediate piece, s, which rests upon the ends of the said lever-brakes. The latter have their bearing-surfaces at t, and are pivoted or hinged at w and w', so as to present considerable leverage to the eccentric, whereby a firm -grasp is obtained withbut The eccentric in either arrangement is provided with a square or other anguiar hole, into and through which a suitable key or instrument is inserted to tdrn the eccentric upon its axis. If necessary, the

eccentricmay be arranged so as to keep in position after being rotated, for which purl pose a ratchet-collar and locking-spring may be applied.

Having now fully described my said improvements and the manner in which the same is or may be performed, I claim-.

1. The combination, with the movable stump and movable tnmblers, of a system of leverage arranged substantially in the manner herein described, so as to prevent detection of the position of the gates or notches in -the tumblers, as herein set forth. 'y

2. In permutation-locks having rotary tumblers or wheels, the friction brake or brakes, in combination with the eccentric, arranged and operated substantially in the manner and tor the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my vname to'this specification before two subscribingl witnesses.

WALTER K. MARVIN.

Witnesses:

H. W, BooKs'rAvnR, ISAAC JELFs. 

